Course:
M.A. English (SEM – 3)
Paper
no: 12, English Language Teaching
Topic:
The Role of English in India
Roll
no.: 23
Year:
2015 -2017
Submitted
to: S.B. Gardi, Department of English
M.K. Bhavnagar
University
The Role of English in India
The role of English in India
is now conducted with new generation and English as a globe in whole the world
and pretends to learn and think. English language has been playing an important
role in our educational system as well as in our national life since two
centuries. We cannot ignore the way that the English language has emerged as a
powerful agent for change in India.
India is a multilingual
country but the spread and growth of English language is now on the top.
Language policy in India has adapted itself to the changing demands and
aspirations of people over the periods of time from 1947 to the present. And
now, in India we see, English education is now expanding very futile way.
The existence of English in
India means that if it is no longer necessary to consider the issue of a
national language. In other words, India does not need a national language
since there are not functions which a national language might play that are not
already fulfilled in some other way.
ELT is curriculum that gives us techniques of this
process and how in India it is become fashion and the thing of learning. When
SLA (Second Language Acquisition) comes in learners of English, that time we
have to discuss the globalization world and one cannot ignore the world of E-
learning. TESOL is the base in which English in India is on the trek to call as
“Role of English in India” is educated fruitful
with it.
In a way an associate
official language, English or unknowingly has played an instrumental role in
maintaining the diversity of India’s language scene because the existence of
English has meant that it has not been necessary to select anyone Indian languages
as a national language. English today is almost a compulsory second language.
Once deprived sections of the society now perceive the language as an
instrument or progress. The recent news of a temple for English language in a
village in the Hindi heartland tells the thing.
English is the language that
can do people to enable to give stand in the identical aspect of the notion “objective
of language teaching” we discuss the functionally determined sub categorization
of language into first language, second language, foreign language and also
classical language. We then focus on the objectives of teaching English as a
second language in India. Here are some terms that come in our way to discuss:
L2 = Second
Language
ELCS = English
Language Communication Skills
TESOL = Teachers of
English to Speakers of other languages
SLA = Second
Language Acquisition
English in India today is a
symbol of people’s aspirations for quality in education and fuller
participation in national and international life. However, the public’s demands
are not being met meaningfully. Most schools in the country do not have the
facilities and proficient teachers needed to cater to the demand. As mentioned
above, meaningful education requires teachers who are skilled and knowledgeable
as well as contextualized materials, but an enabling English language
environment in the school also needed to be ensured.
The level of introduction of
English has now a matter of political response to people’s aspirations,
rendering almost irrelevant an academic debate on the contrary, materials
development has been commercialized to the extent that India now has thousands
of publishers who published English language textbooks.
In India, we classes are also
working on English language as it is call as SCOPE class. The objective of teaching
language or languages is not simply to make the learners the major language
skill but to enable the learners to play their communicative roles effectively
and to select language according to the roles they are playing. A
well-qualified, energetic and inventive teacher can be a “living” model and act
as the best audio visual aid. Learners need to experience appropriate input so
that they can become engaged with the language.
The use of English in India
is on the basis of social needs of people. There are four distinct functions of
English in India. 1) Auxiliary, 2) Supplementary, 3) Complementary, 4)
Equitize.
1)
Auxiliary Function:
English sometimes called a “library language”, is used primarily for acquiring
knowledge rather than communication which leads to the promotion of passive
bilinguals.
2)
Supplementary Function:
English is used restricted needs such as daily routine conversations with
tourists. Mainly used by unstable bilingual.
3)
Complementary Function:
English is used along with the mother language in social contexts. This
function results in creating stable bilinguals.
4)
Equitize Function: English is an alternative language in all
domains. Am bilinguals are the users of this function.
The
English language has been localized to match the needs and experiences of
Indian people which are called Indianization. English plays a significant role
in the educational system and national life of Indians.
Now-a-days,
during the post-colonial era in India, the face of teaching English has
changed, some schools made student speaks in English, while in other schools,
and English was taught only as a subject within the curriculum. It is better to
have English taught as a subject rather than impose a bas English medium
education. Equipping English language education with the essentials in the
native medium schools would benefit learning in general and general language
learning in particular. But, converting schools to become English medium
without proper support would be detrimental and counterproductive. At
university as well as post graduate level, English was the medium of
instruction and examination.
It
is to be noted that English in India is a symbol of linguistic centralism
whereas the numerous Indian languages are seem to represent linguistic
regionalism. In the concepts of modernization and internationalism were invoked
and English became the language of both modernization and internationalism and
by implication the Indian languages became associated with ‘tradition’ which by
definition was assumed to be anti-modern and backward looking. Once this was
taken to be true, the next step in the argument was to define the role and
relationship of English vis-à-vis the Indian languages. This need gave birth to
“language planning” which was in fact the linguistic analogue of a particular
politics. “Language planning” operated with a whole set of lexical weaponry
that gradually created a new mythology. Major Indian languages become in this
discipline, regional language which has been accorded the status of an official
language of the union and some status.
English,
the other official language did not suffer from this disability. Its major
strength is argued to be the fact that is cannot be identified with anyone
region and therefore, English is one ‘pan-India’language that would promote national
integration, as regional would.
To
further buttress this argument, a whole mythology got built up around the role
of English in which the central metaphor is the metaphor of the ‘window’.
·
English is the language of knowledge. (science and technology)
·
English is the language of liberal, modern thinking.
·
English is our window to the world.
·
English is the link language.
·
English is the library language; English is the language of reason.
·
English is the lingua- Franca.
Further, we are going to
discuss about teaching techniques and its role in India. Teaching, shifting
theoretical inputs, wide disparity of practice in different parts of the
country.
Now, if we talk about four
skills: Reading, Writing, Speaking and Listening is composed of a hierarchy of
sub skills what is necessary is to identify the sub-skills that are to be
strengthened and expanded in the process of teaching a first language, a second
language of foreign language. Again, even for English, one can order the skills
in different orders of priority! Should it be “listening – reading – speaking – writing” or “reading – listening –
speaking?”
Even when the efforts
have been made to delimit the second language objective, one is not convinced
by the recommendation because the reasoning behind them it is not very clear.
So, in the conclusion part, we
can say that, English can play a vital role as a language of mutual benefitting
Indian languages as well as itself – and also enriching education as a whole.
And also we can say that through other language the individual level English
continues to be “the language of opportunity” and “the language of upward
social nobility”.
The role of English in India
is vast and it’s become growth of the knocking door in the whole world and we
can take examples of writers like Chetan Bhagat, Amish Tripathiand many more
who make impact on English writing. But, if we talk about English so as we
discussed so many things so our attendance to deal with it topics is clear.
THANK YOU
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